Erectile dysfunction (ED) can result from a variety of physical and psychological causes. Common physical factors include cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, high blood pressure, hormonal imbalances, obesity, and nerve damage. Lifestyle choices like smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, and lack of exercise can also significantly impact erectile function. Psychological causes such as stress, anxiety, depression, and relationship issues often play a major role in triggering or worsening ED. Additionally, age-related changes in blood vessels and reduced testosterone levels can further contribute to this condition. Understanding these causes is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction.