Female infertility can result from various factors, including ovulation disorders like PCOS or hormonal imbalances, which disrupt egg release. Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes due to infections or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can prevent fertilisation. Conditions like endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or structural abnormalities in the uterus can hinder implantation. Age significantly affects fertility, with egg quality and quantity declining after 35. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, and excessive alcohol use, as well as hormonal issues like thyroid dysfunction, also contribute to infertility. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for improving the chances of conception.